رحلات سفاري: حديقة تشوبي الوطنية ومحمية الحياة البرية (صور ومعلومات)

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رحلات سفاري: حديقة تشوبي الوطنية ومحمية الحياة البرية (صور ومعلومات)

حقائق وصور سريعة: حديقة تشوبي الوطنية ومحمية موريمي للحياة البرية

 

إليك أبرز المعلومات المثيرة للاهتمام حول وجهتي السفاري في بوتسوانا: تشوبي وموريمي:

الموقع، التاريخ والمساحة

تأسست حديقة تشوبي الوطنية عام 1967 وتغطي مساحة شاسعة تبلغ 21,000 كيلومتر مربع (8000 ميل مربع). تقع في أقصى شمال شرق بوتسوانا، حيث يشكل نهر تشوبي الحدود بين بوتسوانا وزيمبابوي وناميبيا وزامبيا. كاسان، في الجزء الشمالي الشرقي، هي أقرب مستوطنة وتعمل كمحطة حدودية مع زيمبابوي. تبعد تشوبي مسافة 90 دقيقة بالسيارة فقط عن شلالات فيكتوريا، مما يجعل من السهل دمج هاتين الوجهتين العالميتين في عطلة واحدة. تشترك حديقة تشوبي الوطنية ومحمية موريمي للحياة البرية بحدود مفتوحة في الجنوب، مما يسمح للأنواع الكبيرة المهاجرة بالتنقل بغريزة وبحرية وبشكل موسمي بين المنطقتين المحميتين.

نظام بيئي صحي

طورت حكومة بوتسوانا عددًا من اللوائح السياحية المتطورة لضمان أن يكون قطاع السياحة في البلاد عالي الجودة ومنخفض الكثافة. وهذا يحافظ على مسافة بين الزحام الجماهيري لحماية النظام البيئي الفريد في بوتسوانا ويضمن مكانة البلاد كواحدة من أجمل ملاذات الحياة البرية في العالم. تعد حديقة تشوبي الوطنية أقدم وأكثر المتنوعات الوطنية في بوتسوانا. فهي تحافظ على أربعة موائل متميزة ورائعة، بما في ذلك مستنقعات لينياتي ومستنقع سافوتي، كما توفر ممرات هجرة مفتوحة إلى محمية موريمي للحياة البرية في دلتا أوكافانغو ومحمية هوانجي للحياة البرية في زيمبابوي.

محمية موريمي للحياة البرية

محمية موريمي للحياة البرية في بوتسوانا هي منطقة محمية. سُميت على اسم الزعيم موريمي من قبيلة باتاوانا وتقع على الحافة الشرقية لدلتا أوكافانغو. عند تأسيس موريمي، صُنفت كمحمية للحياة البرية وليس كمتنزه وطني. وقد سمح هذا التصنيف لشعب باساروا أو البوشمن الذين كانوا يقيمون هناك بالبقاء في المحمية. هناك مناطق غابات كثيفة حيث يمكن العثور على الكلب البري الرأس (Lycaon pictus pictus) والنمر. تقع حديقة تشوبي الوطنية، التي تجاور محمية موريمي للحياة البرية، إلى الشمال الشرقي. فقط حوالي 30٪ من المحمية تقع على اليابسة، بينما تقع معظمها داخل دلتا أوكافانغو.

وهي موطن لما يقرب من 500 نوع من الطيور (من الطيور المائية إلى سكان الغابات) بالإضافة إلى مجموعة متنوعة من الحيوانات البرية الأخرى، بما في ذلك الأسد، والنمر، والفيل الأفريقي البري، والجاموس الأفريقي، ووحيد القرن الأسود، وفرس النهر، والزرافة، وحمار الزرد السهلي، والنو الأزرق، والفهد، والضبع المرقط، وابن آوى ذو الظهر الأسود، والخنزير الثؤلولي الشائع، والإمبالا، واللكوي.

النهر المثير للاهتمام

نهر تشوبي سخي جدًا في منح الحياة لبوتسوانا شبه القاحلة، فلا عجب أن منحت البلاد هذا المجرى المائي داخل حدودها هوية خاصة. ومع ذلك، فإن تشوبي هو في الواقع امتداد لنظام نهري رئيسي في جنوب إفريقيا يتدفق إلى نهر زامبيزي، فوق شلالات فيكتوريا وفي النهاية إلى البحر. ومع ذلك، قبل وقت طويل من حدوث ذلك، ينبع نهر كواندو من الأمطار والروافد في مرتفعات أنغولا. وعندما يعبر الحدود الناميبية ويعبر منطقة كابريفي، يُعرف باسم نهر كواندو. في بوتسوانا، يُسمى النهر أولاً لينياتي، وهو يكاد يغوص في رمال كالاهاري مثل نهر أوكافانغو، مكونًا قنوات وجزر مستنقعات لينياتي. بدلاً من ذلك، ينحرف نهر تشوبي إلى الشرق، مقدمًا واجهة نهرية خلابة لمشاهدة الحياة البرية قبل مغادرة البلاد والانضمام إلى نهر زامبيزي.

 

صور جميلة لحديقة تشوبي الوطنية ومحمية موريمي للحياة البرية

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